Logic
Logic is the study of good reasoning: which conclusions genuinely follow from which reasons, regardless of the subject matter. An argument takes some premises and offers them in support of a conclusion, and logic asks whether that support actually holds. It comes in a few flavours — deductive, inductive, and abductive reasoning — and it has a shadow side: the recurring ways arguments only look convincing, the logical fallacies.
Drill down
Deductive Reasoning
Reasoning where the conclusion follows necessarily from the premises — if they're true, it cannot be false.
Inductive Reasoning
Generalizing from specific observations — the conclusion is probable, never guaranteed.
Abductive Reasoning
Inference to the best explanation — reasoning from an observation to the hypothesis that would best account for it.
Logical Fallacies
Recurring flaws in reasoning that make an argument look convincing without actually supporting its conclusion.
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